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Carpinus betulus, pleached (Pleached hornbeam)

Other names: Yoke elm, pleached, Charmille, pleached, Horn beech, pleached, Horse beech, pleached, White beech, pleached, Hurst beech, pleached

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Variety or Cultivar
C. betulus, pleached are upright, deciduous trees, trained to have a dense, shaped crown with a straight, central leader, with ovate, toothed, mid-green leaves turning orange and yellow in autumn. Yellow male catkins and pale green female catkins bloom in spring. Female catkins are followed by green fruit with prominent, lobed bracts.
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Season of interest

Flower

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Flower

Foliage

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Foliage
Height and spread

Height and spread

Size Max height Max spread To maturity
15 m 10 m 20-50 years
49 ft 32 ft 20-50 years

Where to grow

Soil type
  • Chalky
  • Clay
  • Loamy
  • Sandy
Soil drainage
  • Moist but well-drained
  • Well-drained
Soil pH
  • Acid
  • Alkaline
  • Neutral
Sunlight
  • Partial Shade
  • Full Sun
Aspect
  • East
  • West
  • South
  • North
Exposure
  • Exposed
  • Sheltered

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Additional plant details

Cultivation

Grow in moderately fertile, well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade.

Suggested uses

Architectural, Hedging/Screens, Low Maintenance, Foliage only

UK hardiness

H7

USDA zones

Zone 4, Zone 5, Zone 6, Zone 7, Zone 8

Sunset zone

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 2, 3

WUCOLS

North-Central Coastal = Moderate/Medium
Central Valley = Moderate/Medium
South Coastal = Inappropriate
South Inland = Inappropriate
High and Intermediate Desert = Inappropriate
Low Desert = Inappropriate

Foliage

Deciduous

Habit

Rounded, Conical

Native to

Europe, Turkey

Drought tolerant

No

Flood tolerant

No

Toxicity

Not toxic

Plant care

Pruning

Pruning group 1. Prune in winter to establish a desired shape and framework. Once established, prune annually in summer.

Propagation methods

Seed, Softwood cuttings, Grafting

Propagation

Sow seed in a seedbed or cold frame in autumn.

Pests

Aphids

Caterpillars

Diseases

Coral spot

Powdery mildew

Selective pruning only (only if needed)

Rake up and use fallen leaves to make leafmould

Take softwood cuttings

Propagate by budding in late summer

Plant rootstocks for summer budding

Propagate from grafting in winter (advanced)

Plant container grown plants in moderately fertile, well-drained soil

Plant in full sun or partial shade (autumn or spring)

Sow seeds in a cold frame in autumn

Initial pruning of pleached trees and shrubs

Planting pleached tree walks and paths

Planting pleached tree arbours and tunnels

Pruning established pleached trees

Training newly-planted pleached trees

Other plants

Plants in this Genus (14)

Carpinus

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Carpinus betulus
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Carpinus betulus Hornbeam
Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata'
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Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata' Hornbeam 'Fastigiata'
Carpinus omeiensis
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Carpinus omeiensis Mount Omei hornbeam
Carpinus fangiana
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Carpinus fangiana Fang's hornbeam
Carpinus betulus 'Frans Fontaine'
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Carpinus betulus 'Frans Fontaine' Hornbeam 'Frans Fontaine'
Carpinus caroliniana
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Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam
Carpinus betulus 'Pendula'
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Carpinus betulus 'Pendula' Weeping hornbeam
Carpinus laxiflora
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Carpinus laxiflora Loose-flowered hornbeam
Carpinus betulus 'Rockhampton Red'
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Carpinus betulus 'Rockhampton Red' Hornbeam 'Rockhampton Red'
Carpinus betulus, pleached
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Carpinus betulus, pleached Pleached hornbeam
Carpinus japonica
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Carpinus japonica Japanese hornbeam
Carpinus turczaninovii
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Carpinus turczaninovii Turczaninow hornbeam
Carpinus betulus (any hedge)
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Carpinus betulus (any hedge) Hornbeam (any hedge)
Carpinus betulus 'Orange Retz'
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Carpinus betulus 'Orange Retz' Hornbeam 'Orange Retz'
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Companion plants (3)

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Galanthus nivalis f. pleniflorus 'Bagpuize Virginia'
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Galanthus nivalis f. pleniflorus 'Bagpuize Virginia' Snowdrop 'Bagpuize Virginia'
Galanthus 'Bertram Anderson'
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Galanthus 'Bertram Anderson' Snowdrop 'Bertram Anderson'
Galanthus nivalis
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Galanthus nivalis Common snowdrop
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Related content

Discuss Carpinus betulus, pleached with other Shoot members
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