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Ceratonia siliqua (Carob)

Other names: St John's bread, Locust bean, Chocar, Egyptian fig, Carat, Algoroba bean, Algorroba bean, European locust tree, Karoub, Tragaso

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Species
C. siliqua is a tender, spreading, evergreen tree with pinnate leaves divided into broadly ovate, glossy, mid- to dark green leaflets and catkin-like racemes of pale yellow flowers turning orange-red when mature. On female trees, flowers are followed by elongated, curved, dark brown pods containing edible seeds.
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Season of interest

Flower

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Flower

Foliage

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Foliage
Height and spread

Height and spread

Size Max height Max spread To maturity
15 m 15 m 20-50 years
49 ft 49 ft 20-50 years

Where to grow

Soil type
  • Chalky
  • Loamy
  • Sandy
Soil drainage
  • Well-drained
Soil pH
  • Acid
  • Alkaline
  • Neutral
Sunlight
  • Full Sun
Aspect
  • East
  • West
  • South
Exposure
  • Sheltered

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Additional plant details

Cultivation

Grown in poor to moderately fertile, well-drained soil in sun with shelter from early morning sun, frost, and cold, drying winds. Will not tolerate heavy clay. Tolerates drought and coastal conditions. Male flowers have an unpleasant scent. In areas with cold, harsh winters, grow in a container and overwinter indoors.

Suggested uses

Architectural, Sub-Tropical, Specimen tree

UK hardiness

H3

USDA zones

Zone 9, Zone 10, Zone 11

Sunset zone

9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, H1

WUCOLS

North-Central Coastal = Low
Central Valley = Low
South Coastal = Low
South Inland = Low
High and Intermediate Desert = Inappropriate
Low Desert = Low

Foliage

Evergreen

Habit

Spreading

Native to

Mediterranean, Southwestern Asia

Drought tolerant

No

Flood tolerant

No

Toxicity

Not toxic

Plant care

Pruning

Pruning group 1.

Propagation methods

Seed

Propagation

Treat seed with hot water followed by soaking for three days prior to sowing. Sow at 22-26C

Pests

Diseases

Selective pruning only (only if needed)

Propagate from grafting in winter (advanced)

Plant container grown plants in a sunny sheltered spot

Protect from cold drying winds (in cold areas)

Protect from hard winter frosts

Plant container grown plants in moderately fertile, well-drained soil

Bring tender indoors if container grown (in cold areas)

Sow seeds in containers with heat (spring)

Other plants

Plants in this Genus (1)

Ceratonia

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Ceratonia siliqua Carob
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