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Tilia x europaea (Common lime)

Other names: Tilia intermedia, Tilia x vulgaris, European lime, European linden

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Species
T. x europaea is a broadly columnar, deciduous tree with oval to rounded, dark green leaves, paler beneath, and clusters of pale yellow flowers in midsummer followed by dry, nut-like fruit.
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Season of interest

Flower

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Flower

Foliage

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Foliage
Height and spread

Height and spread

Size Max height Max spread To maturity
35 m 15 m 20-50 years
114 ft 49 ft 20-50 years

Where to grow

Soil type
  • Chalky
  • Clay
  • Sandy
Soil drainage
  • Moist but well-drained
  • Well-drained
Soil pH
  • Alkaline
  • Neutral
Sunlight
  • Partial Shade
  • Full Sun
Aspect
  • East
  • West
  • South
Exposure
  • Sheltered

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Additional plant details

Cultivation

Plant in any alkaline or neutral, moist or well-drained. Will tolerate acid soils. Avoid dry conditions or exposure to strong winds.

Suggested uses

Architectural, Cottage/Informal, Low Maintenance, Wildlife, Specimen tree

UK hardiness

H6

USDA zones

Zone 8, Zone 9, Zone 10, Zone 11, Zone 12

Sunset zone

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17

WUCOLS

North-Central Coastal = Unknown
Central Valley = Unknown
South Coastal = Unknown
South Inland = Unknown
High and Intermediate Desert = Unknown
Low Desert = Unknown

Foliage

Deciduous

Habit

Tall, Broadly columnar

Native to

Europe

Drought tolerant

No

Flood tolerant

No

Fragrance

Flowers are fragrant.

Toxicity

Not toxic

Plant care

Pruning

Pruning Group 1. Often produces suckers at the base and from burrs; remove these every two-three years by cutting back to the trunk in early spring.

Propagation methods

Seed, Layering, Budding

Propagation

Chip budding is the best method for propagation. Seed may need a cold period of 3-5 months for germination to occur. Garden-collected seed may yields hybrids of variable quality.

Pests

Scale insects

Aphids

Gall mites

Diseases

Phytophthora root diseases

Selective pruning only (only if needed)

Rake up and use fallen leaves to make leafmould

Plant container grown plants in a sunny sheltered spot

Sow seed in containers in cold frame (anytime)

Other plants

Plants in this Genus (20)

Tilia

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Tilia cordata 'Winter Orange'
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Tilia cordata 'Winter Orange' Small-leaved lime 'Winter Orange'
Tilia tomentosa 'Brabant'
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Tilia tomentosa 'Brabant' Silver lime 'Brabant'
Tilia platyphyllos
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Tilia platyphyllos Large-leaved lime
Tilia henryana
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Tilia henryana Henry's lime
Tilia cordata 'Greenspire'
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Tilia cordata 'Greenspire' Small-leaved lime 'Greenspire'
Tilia 'Petiolaris'
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Tilia 'Petiolaris' Weeping silver lime
Tilia platyphyllos 'Rubra'
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Tilia platyphyllos 'Rubra' Red-twigged lime
Tilia x europaea
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Tilia x europaea Common lime
Tilia cordata
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Tilia cordata Small-leaved lime
Tilia mongolica
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Tilia mongolica Mongolian lime
Tilia platyphyllos 'Tahiti'
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Tilia platyphyllos 'Tahiti' Large-leaved lime 'Tahiti'
Tilia x euchlora
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Tilia x euchlora Caucasian lime
Tilia americana
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Tilia americana American lime
Tilia caroliniana
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Tilia caroliniana Carolina basswood
Tilia endochrysea
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Tilia endochrysea White linden
Tilia tomentosa
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Tilia tomentosa Silver lime
Tilia platyphyllos 'Princes Street'
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Tilia platyphyllos 'Princes Street' Large-leaved lime 'Princes Street'
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida'
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Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' Common lime 'Pallida'
Tilia cordata 'Bohlje'
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Tilia cordata 'Bohlje' Small-leaved lime 'Bohlje'
Tilia cordata 'Rancho'
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Tilia cordata 'Rancho' Small-leaved lime 'Rancho'
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Companion plants (0)

Related content

Discuss Tilia x europaea with other Shoot members

Re: When to prune Tilia x europaea

Nicola
1568 0
Hi this issue should now be resolved for you. Thanks again for pointing it out to us! All the best, Nicola
Posted: Monday 31st of January 2011 07:12 PM

Re: When to prune Tilia x europaea

Nicola
1568 0
Thanks for pointing that out Andrew - Will alert the data entry team to get it added for you. All the best Nicola
Posted: Saturday 29th of January 2011 12:30 PM

When to prune Tilia x europaea

Shoot User
1568 2
Your advice on when to prune Tilia x europaea simply says that it falls into Catagory 1. Can you be more specific about this, particularly months when pruning is advisable. Thank you
Posted: Friday 28th of January 2011 07:42 PM Last reply: Saturday 1st of March 2025 01:38 AM
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